Damage

Armour

Most damage is subject to armour mechanics. Unless stated otherwise, damage is multiplied by

$a=\min \left(0.05+0.45\cdot {\frac {\text{AP}}{\text{AC}}},1\right)$

where AP is the shell AP, and AC is the combined armour of the blocks being hit. For a single block, the AC corresponds to its armour. Thus, for a single block, full damage is reached when AP is 2.11 times the armour of the block.

Layered armour

Against explosive or kinetic damage, "structural" blocks (namely wood, stone, metal, and alloy) behind a block being damaged will contribute part of its armour to the AC of the block being hit. The percentage contributed is as follows:

Additional layer	Contribution
1	80%
2	60%
3	40%
4	20%
5	10% (vs. kinetic only)
6	10% (vs. kinetic only)

For example, for 5 layers of Metal (armour class 15), the outside layer would have 45 Armour class because the 4 layers behind it would add an additional 30 armour class (12 + 9 + 6 + 3) to the original 15.

Kinetic damage

Kinetic damage is dealt by fragmentation warheads and all cannons. The amount of damage dealt depends on the impact angle.

The kinetic damage is computed by multiplying the total kinetic damage of the shell by the standard multiplier $a$ above. If the damage is sufficient to destroy the block hit, the damage used to destroy the block (i.e. net damage divided by $a$) is subtracted from the projectile's damage potential and the projectile continues on its path.

When striking from outside (i.e. not just having destroyed the previous block in its path), kinetic damage is reduced to a factor $\cos \theta$. If the projectile fails to destroy the initial block, it has a chance of ricocheting of

$\left( 1 - \cos \theta \right)^{2 \text{AP} / \text{AC}}$

in which case the remaining damage potential is reduced by the net damage dealt divided by $a$. If the projectile does not ricochet, the remaining damage potential is reduced by the net damage dealt divided by $a \cos \theta$.

Thump damage

Thump damage is dealt by:

• Hollow point and squash head shells (AP 6)
• Impact particle cannons (AP 10)
• Thumper missile warheads (AP 6)
• Collisions (AP 1)
• Rams (AP 15)

Laser damage

Laser damage is dealt by lasers.

Damage is reduced by smoke and water.

Explosive damage

Explosive damage is dealt by cannons or missiles with explosive warheads and exploding components.

Explosions cannot affect anything more than 10 metres from their origin, even if their rated radius is larger.

Explosive damage is applied block-by-block. For each block affected, the explosion does damage equal to its current damage value times the following modifiers:

• A range modifier, which is 1 at the center of the explosion and decreases linearly to 0.5 at the rated radius of the explosion.
• An armour modifier, which is ${\frac {1}{\text{AC}}}$. This replaces the standard armour modifier.

The damage value of the explosion is then reduced by 10% of the damage dealt times ${\sqrt {\text{AC}}}$ and the computation moves on to the next block.

Thus, an explosion can do total damage of up to about ${\frac {10}{\sqrt {\text{AC}}}}$ times the rated damage.

Propagation

Explosions spread from the origin grid cell via the six cardinal directions. The explosion will not travel to a cell if the angle between these two vectors is 90 degrees or greater:

• The vector from the cell to the origin cell of the explosion.
• The vector from the cell to the previous cell.

Another way of putting it is that the distance to the origin cell of the explosion is only allowed to increase.

EMP damage

EMP damage is dealt by advanced cannons and missiles with EMP Warheads.

EMP damage is not subject to reduction from armour.

When a construct is hit by EMP damage, a charge is created with damage potential equal to the rated damage. The charge propagates from block to block. Upon visiting a block:

• The EMP charge deals damage equal to the EMP susceptibility of the block times the damage potential, but not more than is needed to destroy the block. The dealt damage is subtracted from the damage potential.
• The protective drainage of the block is subtracted from the damage potential.

The pathfinding algorithm operates similarly to Dijikstra's algorithm, but instead of choosing the node (block) with the shortest total path at each iteration, it chooses the node which maximizes the amount of total damage dealt minus the amount of total damage lost to protective drainage on the path to that node. The search terminates after 1000 nodes have been visited, the charge used (damage dealt + protective drainage) reaches 1.2 times the original damage potential, or no more nodes are reachable. At this point the visited node with the highest damage dealt on the path to that node is chosen. Surge Protectors count as taking full damage for purposes of the propagation decision.